PLANTING :
Space plants 4-5′ apart. Set plants in 1′ by 1′ holes and cover the roots up to the natural soil line on the stalk. Remove all the flowers during the first year. Do not permit berries to develop. This allows plant energy to be directed toward roots and shoot growth. No pruning is required for the first several years of growth.

PROPAGATION :
Seed – sow late winter in a greenhouse in a lime-free potting mix and only just cover the seed. Stored seed might require a period of up to 3 months cold stratification. Another report says that it is best to sow the seed in a greenhouse as soon as it is ripe. Once they are about 5cm tall, prick the seedlings out into individual pots and grow them on in a lightly shaded position in the greenhouse for at least their first winter. Plant them out into their permanent positions in late spring or early summer, after the last expected frosts.
Cuttings of half-ripe wood, 5 – 8cm with a heel, August in a frame. Slow and difficult. Layering in late summer or early autumn.

CULTIVATION :
Requires a moist but freely-draining lime free soil, preferring one that is rich in peat or a light loamy soil with added leaf-mould. Prefers a very acid soil with a pH in the range of 4.5 to 6, plants soon become chlorotic when lime is present. Succeeds in full sun or light shade though it fruits better in a sunny position. Requires shelter from strong winds.
Plants often form extensive colonies in the wild. Dislikes root disturbance, plants are best grown in pots until being planted out in their permanent positions.

HARVEST :
Beginning the 2nd or, preferably, 3rd year of growth and continuing for at least a decade.